Trigger Finger

Trigger finger (stenosing tenosynovitis) occurs when the flexor tendon sheath in the finger becomes inflamed and narrows, preventing smooth tendon gliding. This causes the finger to catch or lock when bending and may release with a painful snap. The condition most commonly affects the ring finger and thumb but can occur in any digit.

At Mountain Spine & Orthopedics, our hand specialists use careful clinical evaluation to diagnose trigger finger and develop a personalized treatment plan. Early intervention often prevents progression and avoids the need for surgery. According to the American Society for Surgery of the Hand, trigger finger is one of the most common causes of hand pain and disability.

Common symptoms of trigger finger include:

• Finger stiffness, especially in the morning
• A painful clicking or popping sensation when bending or straightening the finger
• A tender nodule at the base of the affected finger in the palm
• Finger locking in a bent position that suddenly pops straight
• Inability to fully straighten the finger in severe cases

Symptoms often worsen after periods of inactivity or repetitive gripping and may affect multiple fingers.

Risk factors for developing trigger finger include:

• Repetitive gripping activities or occupations requiring prolonged hand use
• Medical conditions such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout
• Women are affected more frequently than men
• Age between 40 and 60 years
• History of carpal tunnel syndrome or other hand conditions

Diagnosis of trigger finger is primarily clinical. Our specialists will examine your hand, feeling for a nodule at the base of the affected finger and observing the triggering motion. No imaging is typically required, though ultrasound may be used to visualize tendon thickening or associated conditions.

We differentiate trigger finger from other causes of finger stiffness, such as Dupuytren's contracture or joint arthritis, to ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Non-Surgical Treatment

Most cases of trigger finger respond well to conservative care:

• Rest and activity modification to reduce repetitive gripping
• Splinting the finger in an extended position, especially at night
• Anti-inflammatory medications to reduce swelling
• Corticosteroid injections into the tendon sheath—effective in up to 90% of cases

Surgical Options

When conservative treatment fails, trigger finger release surgery provides definitive relief. This minimally invasive outpatient procedure releases the constricted tendon sheath, allowing smooth tendon movement. Recovery is typically quick with most patients returning to normal activities within a few weeks.

The pain associated with trigger finger arises from inflammation and mechanical friction as the thickened tendon forces through the narrowed sheath. This creates the characteristic catching sensation and discomfort. Pain is often worst in the morning and improves with gentle movement throughout the day.

Prevention Tips

• Take regular breaks during repetitive gripping tasks
• Stretch your fingers and hands throughout the day
• Use ergonomic tools with padded handles to reduce strain
• Manage underlying conditions like diabetes that increase risk
• Seek early treatment if you notice finger stiffness or clicking

If your finger is catching, locking, or painful when bending, schedule a consultation with Mountain Spine & Orthopedics today. Our hand specialists offer same-day and next-day appointments to evaluate your condition and start treatment promptly.